老托福听力93篇-Today, I'd like简介

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　　Today, I'd like to turn our attention to an area of management often overlooked in traditional management courses: small-business management. Small businesses have gone from being traditional small-town stores selling food or clothing to sophisticated, high-tech enterprises. And in addition to the important products they produce, they create jobs for lots of people because there are so many of them. It's important for management to keep in mind which of the customers' needs the business serves, because it can't serve all their needs. Writing a business plan that everyone in the organization understands and follows will help to provide the necessary focus and direction. It's important to state clearly what the purpose of the business is. Additionally, each person within the organization must know what tasks to perform in order to fulfill that purpose. Now, if for some reason a business plan doesn't work, try hard to discover why not, rewrite it, and immediately focus on the new plan. A work of caution, however, never give up a bad plan without replacing it. A business has to have a plan because it can't afford to waste its limited resources. And, as you know, waste leads to unnecessarily high production costs. Production costs are at the heart of the company's ability to make a high quality product and sell it at an affordable price.

　　【生词摘录】

　　1. overlook: v. 没注意到

　　2. high-tech: 高科技的

　　3. enterprise: n. [C]企业

　　4. state: v. 声明，陈述，规定

　　5. additionally: adv. 除此之外

　　6. caution: n. [C]小心，谨慎

　　7. unnecessarily: adv. 不必要地

　　8. affordable: adj. 可支付的，供得起的

　　70

　　The next style of furniture design I'd like to discuss is Shaker furniture design. The Shakers are a religious group that flourished in the nineteenth-century United States. At that time, the Shakers lived in their own communities and believed in living simply. This ideal of simplicity extended to their furniture design, as you will see. Because the shape of their furniture wasn't supposed to be unnecessarily decorative, the furniture's surface became the only place to create visual pleasure. Shaker furniture used light-colored woods like pine, maple, or cherry. It was often painted blue, green, or yellow. As these slides show, some of their most interesting pieces were made for the workplace. Notice that this sewing table has drawers that can be pulled out from either side. This feature enables two people to sew at the same time. Likewise, if you look closely at these slides of counters and workbenches, you'll notice that these pieces were also designed to be used from more than one side. Thus, several people would be able to work at one time. Nowadays, Shaker furniture design's enjoying a revival. The simple but stylish furniture made by the Shakers is popular among affluent collectors, including such celebrities as Bill Cosby and Oprah Winfrey. As you've seen, the plainness of Shaker furniture makes it strangely modern in appearance. In fact, their austere, minimalist designs have influenced several modern furniture designers, some of whom we'll discuss next.

　　【生词摘录】

　　1. flourish: v. 繁荣，茂盛，活跃

　　2. decorative: adj. 装饰的

　　3. light-colored: adj. 颜色浅的

　　4. pine: n. [C]松树

　　5. maple: n. [C]枫树

　　6. cherry: n. [C]樱桃树

　　7. workplace: n. [C]工作场所，办公室，车间

　　8. sewing: 裁缝，缝纫

　　9. drawer: n. [C]抽屉

　　10. sew: v. 缝制，缝纫

　　11. likewise: adv. 同样地

　　12. counter: n. [C]柜台

　　13. workbench: n. [C]工作台

　　14. revival: n. [C]复兴，复活，复苏

　　15. stylish: adj. 时髦的，漂亮的，流行的

　　16. affluent: adj. 丰富的，富裕的

　　17. plainness: n. [C]无装饰，无花纹

　　18. austere: adj. 简朴的

　　19. minimalist: adj. 极简抽象主义的

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