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托福听力学科背景知识:Big eyed Bug Rearing

2018-07-30 15:21:12来源:网络

  备考托福听力,提升听力基础,大家还是要讲究方法和策略。今天新东方在线托福网为大家整理到的是关于学科的背景知识。托福听力中,学科知识相对来说难度比较大,因此大家在平时多了解一些相关的背景知识,对大家的复习会有很大的帮助。

【点击查看托福听力学科背景知识汇总】

  Big eyed Bug Rearing

  Natural History 

  Big-eyed bugs are true bugs in the order Hemiptera.  The two most common species are Geocoris pallens and Geocorcis  punctipes.  Both are predators and occur in many habitats, including fields, gardens, and turf grass. Big-eyed bugs are considered an important predator in many agricultural systems and feed on mites, insect eggs, and small insects such as pink bollworm, cabbage loopers and whiteflies.  Adult Big-eyed bugs are small (about 3 mm) black, gray, or tan with proportionately large eyes.  Eggs are deposited singly or in clusters on leaves near potential prey.  They develop with incomplete metamorphosis (there is no pupa) and take approximately 30 days to develop from egg to adult depending on temperature.  Both nymphs and adults are predatory, but can survive on nectar and honeydew when prey are scarce.  Big-eyed bugs, like other true bugs, have piercing-sucking mouthparts and feed by stabbing their prey and sucking or lapping the juices.  Although their effectiveness as predators is not well understood, studies have shown that nymphs can eat as many as 1600 spider mites before reaching adulthood, while adults have been reported consuming as many as 80 mites per day. 

   Rearing 

  Big-eyed bugs are easy to rear.  Adults can be purchased (see Suppliers) or collected in the wild by using a sweep net in a local alfalfa field, roadside or other lush area that may have potential insect prey.  A Petri dish provides adequate housing when a piece of paper towel or filter paper is placed in the bottom and cut to fit the dish.  Adults and nymphs should be housed separately as the larger individuals will eat the smaller ones.  If you plan on raising large numbers of them, you may want to invest the time in making an artificial diet (see Cohen in the References), however they will also do well with fresh insect eggs (purchased), whitefly nymphs or aphids provided every few days.  For moisture, place a one-inch piece of fresh green bean (replaced every couple of days) in the dish.  A small piece of cotton placed in the adult cage provides a place for oviposition as well as a hiding place.  Periodically remove the cotton from the cage (eggs are pale orange) and place it in a new cage with a fresh piece of green bean.  In a week to ten days, nymphs will emerge and a protein source (eggs, diet, etc...) will need to be added.  When cages become dirty or moldy, transfer adults and nymphs to a fresh cage.  Adults can be handled with soft forceps or with a small soft paintbrush.  Nymphs should be handled with a soft brush only.

  以上就是为大家整理的“托福听力学科背景知识:Big eyed Bug Rearing”,更多精彩内容请关注新东方在线托福频道!


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