托福听力艺术类话题解析：绘画

　　Why does the professor mention the French Impressionists?

　　A.To identify other artists who often painted women and children

　　B.To point out one of the influences on Cecilia Beaux's work

　　C.To question the importance of Impressionism in portraiture

　　D.To contrast their view of art with Cecilia Beax's vision

　　原文当中的描述是Yes, the unclear background definitely contributes to that dreaminess. It is meant to show a sense of isolation I think. With the woman is deep in a daydream and not really aware of anything else. This painting shows how insightful Cecilia Beaux was as a portrait artist. Besides her excellent technical skills, like her use of brush strokes and color to make an impression, both respective come through. Her portraits reveal her own interpretation of her subject’s state of mind. This is what it is all about, not just likenesses.Now, the undefined background also shows how Cecilia Beaux was influenced by the French Impressionists, who believed, like Beaux, in a personal rather than conventional approach to their subject matter. Beaux used some impressionist techniques and share much of their phylosophy, but her style, it was all her own.文中明确指出Cecilia Beaux在画笔和颜色的使用方面体现了印象派，文中还强调她虽然受到了印象派的影响，但是她仍然有自己的风格。所以该题的答案应该是B To point out one of the influences on Cecilia Beaux's work.

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　　其次，这一段内容当中还有另外一道题，体现了绘画类讲座常考的另外一个考点，就是教授对于作品和作家以及艺术创作的态度，如文中第五题：

　　Based on the discussion, what is the professor's attitude Inward portraiture?

　　A. The artist's technical skill is the most important aspect of a portrait.

　　B. An artist is seldom able to create an exact likeness of a subject.

　　C. A good portrait portrays the subject in are informal setting.

　　D. A good portrait portrays more than a physical image.

　　前文中强调Her portraits reveal her own interpretation of her subject’s state of mind. This is what it is all about, not just likenesses.也就是说Beaux虽然受到了印象派的影响但是她在作品中体现了自己对于被画对象神态状态的理解，画出了神韵而不仅仅是画的像。

　　最后，文中常常会考察画家生平的一些经历，因为他们的经历可能会对作品产生一定的影响，或者对于他们个人在艺术发展史中的地位有一定影响，例如TPO1lecture1Rose Frantzen考察的第三题：

　　Why did Frantzen go to the Sales Barn?

　　To study human form and movement

　　To earn money by painting portraits

　　To paint farm animals in an outdoor setting

　　To meet people who could model for her paining

　　文中相应的描述是：One interesting thing I read about Franzten isthat when she first moved back to Iowa after living abroad, she often visited this place in hertown called the Sales Barn. And the Sales Barn, it was basically this place where the local farmersbought and sold their cattle, their farm animals. And the reason Frantzen went there, and shelater on would visit other places like dance halls, was to observe people and the ways that they moved. She really found that this helped her work---that it gave her an understanding of bodymovements and actions, how humans move, and stand still, what their postures were like, too.也就是说她去Sales Barn的原因在这些地方能够观察到很多人，这对于她了解人们的姿态动作和行为都非常有好处。

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　　在TPO19 lecture4 Cecilia Beaux中也考察到了Beaux的经历，而她的个人经历证明了她当时杰出的地位：文中考察了第二题：

　　2 What evidence does the professor cite to illustrate Cecilia Beaux's reputation as an artist? Click on 2 answers.

　　A. The instructors that she studied art with

　　B. Her role in professional art organizations

　　C. Her connection with an important politician's family

　　D. The features of her work that the Impressionists imitated

　　原文的描述是：①Beaux became known as one of the best portrait painters in the United States. She was very successful. She even had portraits of the wife and children of Theodore Roosevelt, while he was president. Some did not get much more prestige than that.即她曾经画过罗斯福总统的夫人和孩子，很少有画家能享有如此殊荣，该部分内容对应C选项。②In fact, she was the first full-time female instructor at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and she was a full member of the National Academy of Design. These are pretty important institutions, so, yeah, she definitely made headway for women artists.另外她曾任职于一些非常重要的机构，如：她是宾夕法尼亚艺术学术中心的第一个全职女性讲师，也是国家学术设计中的会员，对应选项B这些内容都是她卓越地位的体现。

　　从以上题目我们应该能够看出美术类文章的一些共性，例如三篇文章都涉及艺术流派对作品和作家的影响，以及画家们是如何将各种艺术流派完美的融合在一起的，另外，文章会考察教授对于画家生平的经历的描述，而他们的这些经历往往会影响到她们的作品和在艺术史上的地位，最后大家要注意在听力文章中可能会考察到教授对于画家作品和艺术风格的态度，希望以上文章和题目的分析能够帮助大家更好的理解托福听力中的绘画类文章，除了认真做题加强对于背景知识和词汇的了解之外，分析各类文章的出题特点并强化句子的听力理解能力才是备考的重中之重。

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