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35个托福阅读经典长难句解析帮你克服恐惧症

2016-04-12 11:12:00来源：网络

　　26、In the railroads' prime years，between 1 890 and 1920，there were a few individuals in the United States，most of them with solid railroading experience behind them，who made a profession of writing about railroading--works offering the ambience of stations，yards，and locomotive cabs.

　　(同位语most of them;定语从句who made a profession of writing)

　　【译句】在1890年到1920年间铁路的黄金时期，美国有几个人(他们大多有丰富的铁路经验)以写铁路题材为职业——作品围绕车站、停车场和机车。

　　分句1. there were a few individuals in the United States

　　分句2. most of them with solid railroading experience behind them

　　分句3. who made a profession of writing about railroading

　　分句4. works offering the ambience of stations，yards，and locomotive cabs.

　　1是主句

　　2和3是嵌套

　　2作为1中a few individuals 的同位语，对它进一步解释说明

　　27、On the other hand，when it comes to substantive--particularly behavioral-information，crows are less well known than many comparably common species and，for that matter，not a few quite uncommon ones：the endangered California condor，to cite one obvious example.

　　(特殊结构for that matter)

　　【译句】另一方面，当涉及实质性的，特别是行为方面的信息时，乌鸦就不如许多比较而言很普通的鸟类那样为人所知;而且，也不如许多很不寻常的鸟类，举一个明显的例子，如像濒危的加利福尼亚大秃鹫那样为人所知。

　　分句1. when it comes to substantive--particularly behavioral-information;

　　分句2. crows are less well known than many comparably common species and, for that matter，not a few quite uncommon ones：the endangered California condor，to cite one obvious example.

　　1和2是并列， 分句1是时间状语， 2是主句，其中包含插入语结构 以及 冒号连接的解释说明的成分。

　　28、Keen observers and quick learners，they are astute about the intentions of other creatures，including researchers，and adept at avoiding them.

　　(并列同位语keen observers and quick learners)

　　【译句】乌鸦是敏锐的观察家和快捷的学习者，它们对其他生物(包括研究人员)的意图感觉非常敏锐，并且善于躲开它们。

　　分句1. they are astute about the intentions of other creatures，including researchers;

　　分句2. and adept at avoiding them.

　　1和2是并列。 句子开头的“keen observers and quick learners”是主语 they的同位语。

　　29、These researchers have sought to demonstrate that their work can be a valuable tool not only of science but also of history，providing flesh insights into the daily lives of ordinary people whose existences might not otherwise be so well documented.

　　(宾语从句demonstrate that…;特殊结构otherwise)

　　【译句】这些研究人员已经力图证实他们的工作不仅可以成为科学而且还是历史的宝贵工具，为了解普通人的日常生活提供崭新的观点，否则这些普通人的生存状态不可能被记载得这么好。

　　分句1：These researchers have sought to demonstrate that;

　　分句2：their work can be a valuable tool not only of science but also of history;

　　分句3：providing flesh insights into the daily lives of ordinary people;

　　分句4：whose existences might not otherwise be so well documented.

　　分句1是整个长句子的主句

　　分句2是分句1的宾语从句

　　分句3是以现在分词形式表示伴随状态

　　分句4是分句3的定语从句。

　　30、Legend has it that sometime toward the end of the Civil War(1861--1865)a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm and had to be abandoned.

　　(特殊结构Legend has it that…=There is a legend that…)

　　【译句】传说在内战(1861--1865)快结束的某个时候，一列载着牛群的政府的火车在穿过怀俄明州东部的北部平原时遇到了暴风雪，因此不得不被遗弃。

　　分句1：Legend has it that

　　分句2：sometime toward the end of the Civil War(1861--1865)a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm

　　分句3：and had to be abandoned

　　分句1是整个长句子的形式主句

　　分句2是分句1的具体解释，也是真正的主句。这里出现了几个分词形式，如“carrying oxen” “traveling through……”等，完全可以换成“that/which carries……”，这里都是现在分词做后置定语，起修饰限定作用。

　　分句3是2的并列。

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