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32个托福阅读经典长难句分析+翻译

2016-04-08 14:29:44来源：网络

　　10、A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound，from a liquid，singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance.

　　(介词结构from…to…作定语)

　　持续到19世纪的一系列机械上的改进，包括引入踏板以维持音调或使其柔和，改善金属框架，以及使用最佳牲能的钢丝，最终产生了一种具备无数音调效果的乐器——这些效果涵盖了从最精致的和声到几乎全部的管弦乐音响，从明快流畅的吟唱音调到尖锐的打击乐器的恢弘气氛。

　　分句1：A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century;

　　分句2：including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it;

　　分句3：the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality;

　　分句4：finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects;

　　分句5：from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound;

　　分句6：from a liquid，singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance。

　　本句的真正的主句结构其实是由分句1和分句4构成，即A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects. 分句2和分句3并列修饰说明分句1中的A series of mechanical improvements，而分句5和分句6并列，修饰说明了分句4中的an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects.

　　11、The largest later named Pueblo Bonito(Pretty Town)by the Spanish, rose in five terraced stories，contained more than 800 rooms，and could have housed a population of 1，000 or more.

　　【译句】最大的一座后来被西班牙人称为Pueblo Bonito(美丽的城镇)，是一个五层梯式楼，有800多间房子，能够容纳1 000人以上。

　　分句1：The largest rose in five terraced stories，contained more than 800 rooms，and could have housed a population of 1，000 or more;

　　分句2：later named Pueblo Bonito(Pretty Town)by the Spanish。

　　分句1嵌套了分句2，分句1的主语是the largest, 这是“the + 形容词”表示一个名词的结构，相当于“the largest one" 的省略的说法。

　　分句2是省略了“which was" 的定语从句，用来修饰分句1的主语the largest, 分句1内部是由三个并列的谓语构成的句子。

　　12、Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as“silent”，the film has never been，in the full sense of the word, silent.

　　(倒装accustomed though we are…=though we are accustomed…)

　　【译句】虽然我们习惯于将1927年以前的电影叫做“无声电影”，但是就“无声’’这个词的完整意义上说，电影从未真正的无声过。

　　分句1：Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as“silent”;

　　分句2：the film has never been silent;

　　分句3：in the full sense of the word;

　　本句的难点是在分句1是倒装句，正常语序是Though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as silent. 分句3是一个插入语，嵌套在分句2中，所以本句真正强调的核心是the film has never been silent.

　　13、For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra，and very often the principal qualification for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces.

　　(特殊结构not…SO much as…——与其说…不如说…)

　　【译句】在好些年内，为各部影片选择配乐的权力完全掌握在乐队指挥或队长手中，而通常担任这种职位的资格与其说是技巧或鉴赏品位，不如说是个人拥有音乐作品的丰富收藏。

　　分句1：.For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra;

　　分句2：and very often the principal qualification far holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces;

　　分句1 和分句2是两个并列关系的分句，分句2的难点在于not…… so much as的结构。

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