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32个托福阅读经典长难句分析+翻译

2016-04-08 14:29:44来源：网络

　　18、In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth，Donald Barthelme，and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction.

　　(特殊结构characterized by…——以…为特征)

　　【译句】尽管处于一个以抛弃大量现实主义传统(以作家约翰•巴思、唐纳德•巴塞尔姆和托马斯.品钦为代表)为特征的时代，乔伊斯•卡罗尔•欧茨因为坚持自己小说本质上模仿的特点，有时候看起来是一个坚定的守旧派。

　　分句1. characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth，Donald Barthelme，and Thomas Pynchon,

　　分句2. Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence OD the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction.

　　分句1 做时间状语“In a period”的后置定语，补充修饰period，相当于省略了 “which was”的定语从句。 分句2 是主句。

　　整个句子的难点在于找主句。 其实分句1的末尾是 "such as" 引导的三个人名的并列，在最后一个人名Thomas Pynchon前有"and", 说明这个列举对象中的最后一个。所以整个句子的主干在T P 这个人后面出现。

　　19、If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence.

　　(虚拟语气)

　　【译句】如果不是具有这种能力，它们就会在短时间内吞掉所有能得到的食物，而且很可能会因饿死而灭绝。

　　分句1. If it were not for this faculty

　　分句2. they would devour all the food available in short time

　　分句3. would probably starve themselves out of existence

　　分句1 是虚拟语气的条件从句

　　分句2、3是并列关系，并且是主句。

　　20、People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos.

　　(同位语从句prospect that…)

　　【译句】19世纪的美国人因为害怕国家经济中史无前例的变化会带来社会混乱这一前景而提心吊胆。

　　分句1. People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect;

　　分句2. that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos.

　　2嵌套在1中，做1中prospect 的同位语从句;1是主句，2 具体解释说明 prospect。

　　21、Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation's labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits.

　　(倒装Accompanying that growth was a structural change that…=A structural change…was accompanying that growth)

　　【译句】伴随着这一增长的是一个结构变化，它以经济的不断多样化和国家劳动力从农业到制造业和其他非农业职业的逐渐转化为特征。

　　分句1. Accompanying that growth was a structural change

　　分句2. that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation's labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits

　　2嵌套在1中，做1中的structural change 的定语从句，这个定语从句结构较复杂，由两个and连接三个并列的名词性成分。

　　分句1是主句，且采用完全倒装的形式。

　　22、As the roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home.

　　(倒装so did…)

　　【译句】随着男人和女人在社会中扮演的角色被限定得更加严格，他们在家中的角色也是如此。

　　分句1. the roles became more rigidly defined

　　分句2. men and women played in society

　　分句3. so did the roles

　　分句4. they played in the home.

　　1和2嵌套，2是修饰1中的role 的定语从句。 3和4嵌套，4是3中的roles的。

　　1和3并列，3是由so引导的部分倒装句。

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