托福阅读典型长难句分析汇总(120句)

　　21．Individualism is weakly developed in folk cultures，as are social classes．

　　(倒装as are social classes) ’

　　个人主义和社会阶层在民间文化群体中的发展十分薄弱。

　　分句1. Individualism is weakly developed in folk cultures

　　分句2. as are social classes

　　1和2并列， 2 采用倒装语序，as表示“也，和… 一样”

　　22．People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change

　　in the nation's economy would bring social chaos．

　　(同位语从句prospect that…)

　　19世纪的美国人因为害怕国家经济中史无前例的变化会带来社会混乱这一前景而提心吊胆。

　　分句1. People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect

　　分句2. unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos．

　　1和2 嵌套，

　　1是主句， 2 具体解释说明 prospect

　　23．Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a

　　gradual shift in the nation's labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits．

　　(倒装Accompanying that growth was a structural change that…=A structural change…was accompanying that

　　7growth)

　　伴随着这一增长的是一个结构变化，它以经济的不断多样化和国家劳动力从农业到制造业和其他非农业职

　　业的逐渐转化为特征。

　　分句1. Accompanying that growth was a structural change

　　分句2. featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation's labor force from

　　agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits

　　1和2是嵌套

　　分句1是主句，且采用完全倒装的形式

　　分句2 是定语从句，修饰change. 这个定语从句结构较复杂，由2个and连接三个并列的名词性成分

　　24．As the roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in

　　the home．

　　(倒装so did…)

　　随着男人和女人在社会中扮演的角色被限定得更加严格，他们在家中的角色也是如此。

　　分句1. the roles became more rigidly defined

　　分句2. men and women played in society

　　分句3. so did the roles

　　分句4. they played in the home．

　　1和2嵌套， 3和4嵌套

　　1和3并列

　　2和4分别作为定语从句修饰 roles

　　3是由so引导的部分倒装句

　　25.Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals，sometimes easily recognizable as such，often

　　distorted into gorgeous，weird，but always functional shapes．

　　(倒装Surrounding the column are…)

　　围绕着蕊柱的是三个萼片和三个花瓣，有时很容易辨认出来，但经常被扭成华丽、

　　奇特但总是有用的形状。

　　分句1. Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals

　　分句2. sometimes easily recognizable as such，often distorted into gorgeous，weird，but always functional

　　shapes．

　　1是主句， 采用完全倒装

　　26．With the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it，

　　young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their

　　predecessors during the Depression．

　　(倒装than had their predecessors—比较结构的第二部分)

　　随着二战带来的持续繁荣以及随之而来的经济增长，年轻人比大萧条中的同龄人结婚成家更早，而且养育

　　的家庭比他们的前辈更大。

　　分句1. the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War

　　分句2. the economic boom that followed it

　　分句3. young people married and established households earlier

　　8分句

　　4. began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the Depression．

　　1和2并列，3和4并列

　　1和2 是伴随状语

　　3和4是主句

　　27．The railroad could be and was a despoiler of nature；furthermore，in its manifestation of speed and noise，

　　it might be a despoiler of human nature as well．

　　(关联结构could be and was)

　　铁路可以，事实上也是自然的掠夺者；而且，在其速度和噪音的表现上也可能是人性的掠夺者。

　　分句1. The railroad could be and was a despoiler of nature

　　分句2. it might be a despoiler of human nature as well．

　　1和2 是并列 （由分号连接的两个并列分句）

　　28．In the railroads' prime years，between 1 890 and 1920，there were a few individuals in the United States，

　　most of them with solid railroading experience behind them，who made a profession of writing about

　　railroading--works offering the ambience of stations，yards，and locomotive cabs．

　　(同位语most of them；定语从句who made a profession of writing)

　　在1890年到1920年间铁路的黄金时期，美国有几个人(他们大多有丰富的铁路经验)以写铁路题材为职业

　　——作品围绕车站、停车场和机车。

　　分句1. there were a few individuals in the United States

　　分句2. most of them with solid railroading experience behind them

　　分句3. who made a profession of writing about railroading

　　分句4. works offering the ambience of stations，yards，and locomotive cabs．

　　1是主句

　　2和3是嵌套

　　2作为1中a few individuals 的同位语，对它进一步解释说明

　　29．On the other hand，when it comes to substantive--particularly behavioral-information，crows are less well

　　known than many comparably common species and，for that matter，not a few quite uncommon ones：the

　　endangered California condor，to cite one obvious example．

　　(特殊结构for that matter)

　　另一方面，当涉及实质性的，特别是行为方面的信息时，乌鸦就不如许多比较而言很普通的鸟类那样为人

　　所知；而且，也不如许多很不寻常的鸟类，举一个明显的例子，如像濒危的加利福尼亚大秃鹫那样为人所

　　知。

　　分句1. when it comes to substantive--particularly behavioral-information

　　分句2. crows are less well known than many comparably common species and, for that matter，not a few quite

　　uncommon ones：the endangered California condor，to cite one obvious example．

　　1和2是并列， 分句1是时间状语， 2是主句，其中包含插入语结构 以及 冒号连接的解释说明的成分

　　30．Keen observers and quick learners，they are astute about the intentions of other creatures，including

　　researchers，and adept at avoiding them．

　　(并列同位语keen observers and quick learners)

　　9乌鸦是敏锐的观察家和快捷的学习者，它们对其他生物

　　(包括研究人员)的意图感觉非常敏锐，并且善于躲

　　开它们。

　　分句1. they are astute about the intentions of other creatures，including researchers

　　分句2. and adept at avoiding them．

　　1和2是并列