托福阅读典型长难句分析汇总(120句)

　　111．The end of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century were marked by the

　　35 development of an international Art Nouveau style

　　，characterized by sinuous lines，floral and vegetable motifs，

　　and soft evanescent coloration．

　　(特殊结构marked by…——以…为标志、characterized by…——特征是)

　　19世纪末与20世纪早期以一种国际新艺术风格的发展为标志，这一艺术风格的

　　特征是：线条弯曲、以花卉和果蔬为主题，颜色柔和飘逸。

　　分句1：The end of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century were

　　分句2：marked by the development of an international Art Nouveau style

　　分句3：characterized by sinuous lines，floral and vegetable motifs，and soft evanescent coloration．

　　2和3并列

　　1和2、3嵌套

　　1 12．Although its influence continued throughout the mid 1920’s, it was eventually to be overtaken by a new

　　school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century．

　　(特殊结构known as…——被称为)

　　尽管其影响在整个20世纪20年代中期继续存在，但最终还是被世纪之交以来就存在的新的思想流派——

　　功能主义所替代。

　　分句1：Although its influence continued throughout the mid 1920’s

　　分句2：it was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism

　　分句3：that had been present since the turn of the century．

　　1和2并列

　　2和3嵌套

　　113．This new design concept，coupled with the sharp postwar reactions to the styles and conventions of the

　　preceding decades，created an entirely new public taste which caused Art Nouveau types of glass to fall out of

　　favor．

　　(特殊结构coupled with…——加上)

　　这一新的设计概念，加上战后对过去数十年风格与传统的强烈反应，产生了一种全新的公众品味，使得新

　　艺术类型的玻璃不再受人欢迎。

　　分句1：This new design concept

　　分句2：coupled with the sharp postwar reactions to the styles and conventions of the preceding decades，created

　　an entirely new public taste

　　分句3：which caused Art Nouveau types of glass to fall out of favor．

　　1和2并列

　　2和3嵌套

　　1 14．Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability．decades of research have

　　failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders．”

　　(同位语从句evidence that…)

　　尽管领袖常被人认为是个人能力非比寻常的人，但是数十年的研究迄今未能提供一致的证据表明存在任何

　　“天然领袖”类型。

　　分句1：Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability

　　36 分句

　　2：decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence

　　分句3：that there is any category of “natural leaders．”

　　1和2并列

　　2和3嵌套

　　115．Furthermore，although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader，research suggests

　　that there are typically two different leader ship roles that are held by different individuals．

　　(复合句)

　　而且，尽管一般人认为社会团体只有一位领袖，但是研究表明通常存在由不同个体担任的两个不同的领导

　　角色。

　　分句1：Furthermore，although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader

　　分句2：research suggests

　　分句3：that there are typically two different leader ship roles that are held by different individuals．

　　1和2并列

　　2和3嵌套

　　116．Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional

　　support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them．

　　(特殊结构less…than…——较少…较多…)

　　善于表达的领袖较少注重团体的整体目标，较多注重为团体成员提供情感支持，并尽力减少内部纷争和冲

　　突。

　　分句1：Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group

　　分句2：than with providing emotional support to group members

　　分句3：and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them

　　1和2、3并列

　　2和3并列

　　117．Equally important is the fact that the execution of multiple—step tasks is accomplished in a series—parallel

　　sequence．

　　(倒装句)

　　同样重要的是一个事实：多步任务是按照系列—平行序列完成的。

　　分句1：Equally important is the fact

　　分句2：that the execution of multiple—step tasks is accomplished in a series—parallel sequence

　　1和2嵌套

　　118．Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate，or transitional，between land mammals and

　　cetaceans．

　　(倒装句)

　　到最近为止，一直缺乏连接陆地哺乳动物和鲸目动物的明显的中间或过渡化石。

　　分句1：Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate

　　37 分句

　　2：or transitional

　　分句3：between land mammals and cetaceans

　　1和2并列

　　1、2和3嵌套

　　119．For example，people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime—are likely to

　　act aggressively，whereas people who believe that a particular War or act of aggression is unjust，who think that

　　aggression is never justified，are less likely to behave aggressively．

　　(whereas结构)

　　例如，那些认为在战争中侵略是必要的和正当的人更有可能表现出攻击行为，而那些认为具体的侵略战争

　　或行为是不公平的或永远都不正当的人不太可能表现出侵略行为。

　　分句1：For example，people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime—are likely

　　to act aggressively

　　分句2：whereas people who believe that a particular War or act of aggression is unjust

　　分句3：who think that aggression is never justified

　　分句4：are less likely to behave aggressively

　　1和2、3、4并列

　　2和3并列

　　2、3和4嵌套

　　120．The Whigs were strongest in the towns，cities，and those rural areas that were fully integrated into the

　　market economy，whereas Democrats dominated areas of semisubsistence farming that were more isolated and

　　languishing economically．

　　(whereas结构)

　　在城镇和那些与市场经济完全接轨的农村地区辉格党的势力最强；而民主党控制经济上孤立而薄弱的贫穷

　　农业地区。

　　分句1：The Whigs were strongest in the towns，cities

　　分句2：and those rural areas that were fully integrated into the market economy

　　分句3：whereas Democrats dominated areas of semisubsistence farming

　　分句4：were more isolated and languishing economically

　　1、2和3、4并列

　　1和2并列

　　3和4嵌套