托福阅读典型长难句分析汇总(120句)

　　91．The agricultural revolution stimulated many in the countryside to seek a new life in the city and made it

　　possible for fewer farmers to feed the large concentrations of people needed to provide a workforce for growing

　　numbers of factories．

　　(and连接的并列句；过去分词结构needed to…作large concentrations of people的定语)

　　农业革命刺激了许多生活在乡村的人去城市寻找新生活，而且使较少的农民有可能养活不断增加的工厂需

　　要用来提供劳动力的集中人群。

　　分句1：The agricultural revolution stimulated many in the countryside

　　分句2：to seek a new life in the city

　　分句3：made it possible for fewer farmers

　　分句4：to feed the large concentrations of people

　　分句5：needed to provide a workforce for growing numbers of factories．

　　1和2嵌套

　　3和4嵌套

　　4和5嵌套，5修饰4中的the large concentrations of people

　　1和3并列

　　92．The different uses to which societies put these materials are of interest to anthropologists who may ask，for

　　example，why a people chooses to use clay and not copper when both items are available．

　　(The different uses…are of interest to anthropologists…为句子主干)

　　各个社会对这些材料的不同用途是人类学家所感兴趣的，例如这些人类学家或许会问，当两种东西都能够

　　得到时，为什么一个民族会选择使用粘土而不是铜。

　　分句1：The different uses are of interest to anthropologists

　　分句2：to which societies put these materials

　　分句3：who may ask，for example， why a people chooses to use clay and not copper when both items are

　　available．

　　1和2嵌套，2中的介词to应在put之后，2定语修饰1中的uses

　　3和1嵌套，3中的who引导的定语修饰1中的anthropologists

　　93.What is particularly meaningful to anthropologists is the realization that although the materials available to a

　　society may to some extent limit or influence what it can do artistically，the materials by no means determine

　　what is done．

　　(三个what引导的从句，第一个作主语，第二个与第三个都作宾语；that至句末的部分作realization的同

　　位语)

　　对人类学家有着特殊意义的是这样一种认识：尽管一个社会能够得到的材料可能在一定程度上限制或影响

　　30 它在艺术上的作为，但这些材料绝对不能决定该社会所做的事情。

　　分句1：What is particularly meaningful to anthropologists is the realization

　　分句2：although the materials available to a society may to some extent limit or influence what it can do

　　artistically

　　分句3：the materials by no means determine what is done．

　　2和3并列

　　1和2，3嵌套，2和3是1中the realization的同位语

　　94．As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health，it became tempting to

　　suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be

　　responsive to vitamin therapy．

　　(复合句：as从句，主句中的it是形式主语，不定式结构to suggest that…是真正的主语，that引导的宾语

　　从句的主干是every disease and condition…might be responsive to vitamin therapy)

　　由于维生素被认为是健康必需的食物成分，所以过去无有效疗法的每种疾病和状况都可能会对维生素疗法

　　起反应这一建议变得很有吸引力。

　　分句1：As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health

　　分句2：it became tempting to suggest

　　分句3：every disease and condition might be responsive to vitamin therapy．

　　分句4：for which there had been no previous effective treatment

　　3和4嵌套，4修饰3中的disease and condition

　　2和3嵌套，2和3构成宾语从句

　　1和2并列

　　95．Here in lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional

　　therapies in medicine．

　　(倒装句Here in lay the beginning=the beginning lay here in，what引导的从句作of的宾语，修饰beginning)

　　这里面包含了医学中从对营养疗法价值无知到否认其价值这一过程的开端。

　　分句1：Here in lay the beginning

　　分句2：of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine．

　　1中是倒装，正常语序：the beginning lay in here

　　1和2嵌套，2修饰1中的主语the beginning

　　96．The flow of industry has passed and left idle the loom in the attic，the soap kettle in the shed．

　　(left idle the loom in the attic，the soap kettle in the shed=left the loom in the attic，the soap kettle in the shed

　　idle，其中idle做the loom…，the soap kettle …等宾语的补语)

　　工业之水已经流过，让织布机闲置在阁楼里，把煮皂壶送进了棚子里。

　　分句1：The flow of industry has passed

　　分句2：left idle the loom in the attic

　　分句3：the soap kettle in the shed．（省略）

　　2和3并列

　　1是2，3的原因

　　97．They are an example of a common theme in evolution，the more or less parallel development of different

　　types of body structure and function for the same reason--in this case，for flight．

　　31 (the more or less parallel development of different types of body structure and function for the same reason

　　作a

　　common theme in evolution的同位语)

　　它们例证了进化中的一个常见主题，即不同类型的身体结构和功能为了同一目的 而或多或少地平行发展

　　——在这种情况下，是为了飞行的目的。

　　分句1：They are an example of a common theme in evolution

　　分句2：the more or less parallel development of different types of body structure and function for the same

　　reason

　　分句3：--in this case，for flight．

　　2和3嵌套，3是2的补充说明

　　1和2嵌套，2是1中theme的同位语

　　98．Indeed，had it not been for the superb preservation of these fossils，they might well have been classified as

　　dinosaurs．

　　(虚拟语气，条件从句had it not been for the superb preservation of these fossils省略了if，助动词had提前；

　　正常语序为if it had not been for the superb preservation of these fossils)

　　确实，如果不是这些化石被极好地保存下来，它们也许会被归到恐龙里去。

　　分句1：had it not been for the superb preservation of these fossils

　　分句2：they might well have been classified as dinosaurs．

　　1和2并列

　　省略+倒装+虚拟语气

　　1：（省略+倒装）正常语序：if it had not been for the superb preservation of these fossils

　　1是2的虚拟条件

　　99．Although governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful，the ordinary course

　　of economic development was on the merchants' side，as increasing business specialization became the order of

　　the day．

　　(as从句，表示伴随情况)

　　尽管政府清除定期集市和拍卖的努力不成功，但当不断出现的商业分工成为当时的通例时，常规的经济发

　　展路线还是站在了商人一边。

　　分句1：Although governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful

　　分句2：the ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants' side

　　分句3：as increasing business specialization became the order of the day．

　　2和3并列，2是3的伴随状语

　　1和2，3并列，构成让步逻辑关系

　　100．Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle，but citizens from all over the colony came to the

　　capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice．

　　(特殊结构not only…but；倒装Not only did…)

　　不仅他们为总督和他的圈子提供服务，而且殖民地各地的公民来首府参加两院和市政会的立法会议以及法

　　庭会议。

　　分句1：Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle

　　分句2：but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and

　　council and the meetings of the courts of justice．

　　32 1

　　和2并列

　　倒装+省略: 正常语序：They did not only cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the

　　colony (also) came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the

　　courts of justice．